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inglese:literature_q2p02 [2021/05/06 17:07] – alex2003superinglese:literature_q2p02 [2021/05/07 06:42] (versione attuale) – alex2003super
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-===== Literature Q2P02 =====+====== Literature Q2P02 ======
  
-==== A new sensibility ====+===== Testi ===== 
 + 
 +A new sensibility pag 250\\ 
 +Early romantic poetry pag 252\\ 
 +The gothic novel pag 251\\ 
 +Romantic poetry pag 259\\ 
 +Romantic fiction pag 264\\ 
 + 
 +Thomas Grey:  
 +  * elegy written in a country church yard 
 + 
 +Wordsworth:  
 +  * The solitary reaper  
 +  * She dwelt among untrodden ways 
 +  * Daffodils  
 +  * Composed upon Westminster bridge 
 + 
 +Coleridge: 
 +  * Death and life-in-death 
 +  * The killing of the albatross 
 +  * The water snakes 
 +  * A sadder and wiser man 
 + 
 +William Blake: 
 +  * London 
 + 
 +Mary Shelley: 
 +  * The creation of the monster 
 +  * Walton and Frankestein 
 + 
 +Percy Shelley: 
 +  * Ode to the west wind 
 + 
 +John Keats: 
 +  * La belle dame sans merci 
 +  * Ode on a grecian urn 
 + 
 +Jane Austen: 
 +  * Mr and Mrs Bennet 
 +  * Darcy proposes to Elisabeth 
 + 
 +Walter Scott: 
 +  * Saxons and Normans 
 + 
 +===== A new sensibility =====
  
   * With no specific manifesto, in late 18th century a new generation of poets began   * With no specific manifesto, in late 18th century a new generation of poets began
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   * The industrialization greatly influenced this movement   * The industrialization greatly influenced this movement
     * People living in the city sought diversion and serenity, which only the countryside could offer     * People living in the city sought diversion and serenity, which only the countryside could offer
-    * Humility and elements of everyday life rather than elevated subject+    * Humility and elements of everyday life rather than elevated subjects
   * New locations described:   * New locations described:
     * Castles, graveyards, ruins (reminds of the past)     * Castles, graveyards, ruins (reminds of the past)
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     * The idea of terror used is //adventitious//: it requires making oneself familiar with peril to recognize it and develop a reaction to sublime. It doesn't just pertain to instinctive responses to fear (e.g. a snake is terrifying because you are aware it can poison and kill you, not because it's large or intuitively scary)     * The idea of terror used is //adventitious//: it requires making oneself familiar with peril to recognize it and develop a reaction to sublime. It doesn't just pertain to instinctive responses to fear (e.g. a snake is terrifying because you are aware it can poison and kill you, not because it's large or intuitively scary)
  
-==== Early Romantic poetry ====+===== Early Romantic poetry =====
  
   * Pastoral poetry: idyllic, peaceful scenarios, rural life --- nature is innocent and delightful   * Pastoral poetry: idyllic, peaceful scenarios, rural life --- nature is innocent and delightful
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   * Ossianic poetry: a poem cycle; Ossian was a Gaelic warrior from Scotland (~3rd century). Great value was attributed to themes such as love suffering, war, insidious nature and folklore   * Ossianic poetry: a poem cycle; Ossian was a Gaelic warrior from Scotland (~3rd century). Great value was attributed to themes such as love suffering, war, insidious nature and folklore
     * Macpherson published some of Ossian's works as "Fragments of Anncient Poetry"     * Macpherson published some of Ossian's works as "Fragments of Anncient Poetry"
-  * +  * Graveyard poetry: gloomy landscapes, cemetery, adverse weather conditions; main topics were death, eternity and immortality 
 +    * Thomas Grey - Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 
 +    * Edward Young - Night Thoughts on Life, Death and Immortality 
 +  * William Blake anticipated Romantic poetry due to his involvement with social issues and his symbolism 
 + 
 +===== The Gothic novel ===== 
 + 
 +  * The growing interest in individual consciousness reflected itself onto new genres of fiction. 
 +    * Strange and mysterious 
 +    * The fight between the forces of good and evil 
 +  * A desire to escape from an ugly global landscape 
 +  * Walpole was the first to designate the term "Gothic" to this genre 
 +    * //Castle of Otranto - A Gothic Story// 
 +  * Features: 
 +    * Attempts to instill fear in the reader 
 +    * Exploring the sinister limits of the human mind, gore 
 +    * The Sublime 
 +    * Mystery 
 +    * Ancient, abandoned settings (abbeys, castles, dungeons, convents) 
 +    * Time of day: **night** 
 +    * Complex plots & narratives 
 +    * Supernatural creatures and monsters 
 +  * Gothic hero 
 +    * Ends up isolated for one reason or the other 
 +    * Perpetual exile (can be seen as punishment by a deity) 
 + 
 +===== Romantic poetry ===== 
 + 
 +  * The main category within late 18th century English literature 
 +  * The expression of internal feelings and personal experiences 
 +    * Beyond reason and rationality 
 +  * The individual over the collective 
 +    * Unconstrained individuals live in better harmony with the world 
 +    * The "noble savage" model stemming from Jean-Jacques Rousseau's philosophy of society and institution 
 +  * The poet is a "visionary prophet" who has to let man interface with nature 
 +  * Brings attention to social issues and elevates freedom, beauty and truth 
 +  * Children are completely pure (not corrupted by civilization) 
 +    * Increased proximity to God 
 +    * Childhood is not a temporary phase or just a "stage" in a process of maturing, but an ideal state of the human being 
 +  * Appreciation for the exotic (whatever is far away in space and time) 
 +  * A pantheistic vision of nature and God, and the source of happiness and thought, which directly fuels inspiration for poetry 
 +  * Choosing language that is most appropriate for poetry, by dropping preexisting aesthetic conventions and giving birth to new styles based on a need to let the inner side of the poet express itself through language 
 + 
 +==== Generations ==== 
 + 
 +There were two main generations of romantic poets 
 + 
 +  - William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge -- Lyrical Ballad 
 +    * Tried to theorize poetry 
 +    * Splitting roles 
 +      * Wordsworth: has to write about beauty in the ordinary 
 +      * Coleridge: the supernatural, visionary topics, mystery 
 +  - Bryon, Shelley, John Keats 
 +    * Conflict between the ideal and reality (disillusionment) 
 +    * Individualism, escapism, alienation of the artist from the rest of society 
 +    * Bryon: cynical "Bryonic hero" 
 +    * Shelley: stubborn hope of Prometheus 
 +    * Keats: classical beauty 
 + 
 +===== Romantic fiction ===== 
 +